Mastering Ubuntu Linux: A Guide to Commonly Used Commands

 

Commonly Used Commands

 

File and directory related commands

• ls : lists the files and directories in the current directory
• cd : changes the current directory
• pwd : prints the current directory path
• mkdir : creates a new directory
• touch : creates a new file or updates the modification time of an existing file
• rm : deletes a file
• rmdir : removes an empty directory
• cp : copies a file or directory
• mv : moves or renames a file or directory

 

System information and process related commands

• top : displays a list of running processes on the system
• ps : displays a list of processes running for the current user
• who : displays information about currently logged in users
• uname : displays system information

 

Package related commands

• apt-get : used to install and update packages
• dpkg : used to manage and install packages
• apt-cache : used to search for packages

Network related commands

• ifconfig : displays information about network interfaces
• ping : checks network connectivity
• netstat : displays information about network connections
• traceroute : traces the route taken by packets
• ssh : used to login to a remote server

 

Permission related commands

• chmod : changes the permissions of a file or directory
• chown : changes the owner of a file or directory
• chgrp : changes the group ownership of a file or directory